Amos Jerome SnellChicago Pioneer · Entrepreneur · Philanthropist · 1823 – 1888

Daughter of Amos J. Snell

Alice Snell McCrea Green

The Most Beautiful Woman Chicago Ever Sent East

3 June 1867, Chicago · 6 November 1898, New York City

Portrait of Alice Snell, oil on canvas by Julian Russell Story, 1857–1919. Florence Griswold Museum, Old Lyme, Connecticut. Accession No. 1984.10.1

Portrait of Alice Snell — oil on canvas, 37½ × 31½ in.

Julian Russell Story, 1857–1919Florence Griswold Museum, Old Lyme, ConnecticutAccession No. 1984.10.1 · Bequest of Henrietta McCrea Metcalf

A Personal Discovery

When I started to research Alice Snell McCrea Green, my 2nd great-grandmother, I was shocked by all the headlines surrounding her short life — a life that ended when she was just 31 years old. Beyond being considered one of Chicago's most beautiful women, she appeared to be a woman who understood her high standing in society because of her wealth and beauty.

"I recollect Allie Snell as a pretty little girl, with big brown eyes and golden curls, bubbling over with innocent fun."

Contemporary press account

Gilded Age Chicago

Daughter of a Murdered Millionaire

Who She Was

Born Alice Eva Snell in 1867, she was the youngest daughter of Amos Jerome Snell — Chicago's most powerful real estate millionaire and toll-road tycoon. Growing up in his sprawling Washington Boulevard mansion, Alice was raised in the highest tier of Gilded Age society, surrounded by wealth, influence, and the social expectations that came with it.

Beauty & Talent

As a young woman, Alice was one of Chicago's acknowledged beauties, considered by many in New York to have been the most beautiful woman ever sent from the west to the east. Artists raved about her beauty and clamored for the privilege to paint her. She was also a woman of talent — her sketches with brush and pen were greatly admired and her voice, an exceptional soprano, had been carefully trained in Europe. She wrote a song called Autone (Springtime) and a book entitled From London to Paris in a Two-Wheeler.

Born

1867

Chicago, Illinois

Father

Amos J. Snell

Real estate millionaire

Inheritance

$500,000

Upon his murder, 1888

Died

Nov 7, 1898

New York City, age 31

First Marriage · 1884

Wiley Solon McCrea

Portrait of Wiley Solon McCrea, first husband of Alice Snell McCrea, circa 1880s

Wiley Solon McCrea

First husband · married October 8, 1884

At age 17, Alice Eva Snell married Wiley Solon McCrea in Chicago on October 8, 1884. McCrea was a highly successful businessman who ran a prominent commission house and later became treasurer of the Standard Oil Company. Together they lived a lavish lifestyle as members of the city's most exclusive clubs.

The marriage deteriorated rapidly. In 1888 — the same year her father Amos Snell was murdered and left her a fortune of $500,000 — Alice shocked Chicago society by filing for divorce on grounds of severe physical abuse. Her newfound inheritance gave her the financial independence to leave. The court battle split the family: McCrea was granted custody of their son William; Alice retained custody of their daughter Henriette.

Married

Oct 8, 1884

Divorced

1888

Grounds

Physical abuse

Wiley's full story →

Their Children

William & Henriette

William Snell McCrea in cowboy hat and bandolier, Idaho, circa 1910s — son of Alice Snell McCrea

William Snell 'Billy' McCrea

13 August 1885 – 2 October 1920 · Custody: Wiley McCrea · Death under investigation

Nationwide headlines reported that William Snell McCrea tried to kill his father, Wiley Solon McCrea. Falling in his efforts, he fired a bullet into his own head at his father's office. He was taken to a hospital where he died without regaining consciousness. He is buried at Rosehill Cemetery, Chicago.

His story →

Henrietta Alice McCrea Metcalf, oil portrait painting, 1923 — daughter of Alice Snell McCrea

Henrietta Alice McCrea Metcalf

4 January 1888 – 27 May 1981 · Custody: Alice

Henrietta became well known for her marriage to the famous landscape artist Willard Metcalf and later as the partner of sculptor Thelma Wood. She was immortalized by Djuna Barnes in the novel Nightwood. She served as dramatic editor for Vanity Fair, translated works by Alexandre Dumas and Anatole France, and donated her mother's portrait by Julian Russell Story to the Florence Griswold Museum.

The Big Scandal · 1890

The Elopement with Douglas Green

Newspaper portrait sketch of Douglas Green, second husband of Alice Snell McCrea, circa 1890

Douglas Green

Husband II · c. 1890

Newspaper clipping headlined 'The Story of Their Peculiar Marriage and Flight to Europe' about Alice Snell McCrea and Douglass Green's elopement, with a portrait sketch of Alice, circa 1890
Alice Snell McCrea & Douglass GreenClick to enlarge

Newspaper clipping · c. 1890

Chicago Tribune marriage certificate for Douglass Green and Alice Snell McCrea, February 3 1890, Elizabeth City County Virginia
Marriage Certificate · Chicago TribuneClick to enlarge

February 15, 1890 · Elizabeth City County, Virginia

The true public uproar began immediately after Alice's divorce when she fell in love with Douglass Green, a prominent New York brokerage firm executive. On February 3, 1890, Alice and Douglass eloped in Hampton, Virginia — but the ceremony concealed a devastating secret: Green was still legally married to his first wife and was the father of two children.

Bigamy

While Alice was legally divorced, Douglass Green remained married to his first wife at the time of their secret ceremony. His first wife promptly sued for divorce once the elopement became public.

The Minister Controversy

To keep the ceremony hidden, they were married in secret by a Black minister — an act that deeply shocked racist Victorian-era high society and fueled intense media speculation across the country.

Social Ruin & Exile

Once the secret wedding made front-page news, Green was forced to resign from his prestigious corporate position. The scandalized couple fled to Europe to escape the relentless press.

When Alice and Douglass finally returned from Europe in June 1891, they found themselves completely blacklisted and ostracized by the social elite. Attempting to legitimize their relationship after Green's first wife finalized her divorce, the couple held a second, legal wedding ceremony on June 4, 1891, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The continuous public scrutiny and personal turmoil took a heavy toll on Alice.

She died Mrs. Douglas Green

Alice Snell McCrea Green died on November 7, 1898 in New York City, aged 31. Her obituaries ran under the name Mrs. Douglas Green. She is buried at Rosehill Cemetery, Chicago. Her daughter Henriette went on to become a celebrated translator and theater critic; her son William remained in the custody of Wiley McCrea.

Obituary · Appleton Post, November 17, 1898

"The death of Mrs. Douglas Green, which occurred in the New York Hospital Sunday night from the effects of an operation, recalls a most sensational episode in the social history of the resort known as Old Point Comfort."

Archive

Primary Sources

Featured Document

Obituary clipping for Mrs. Douglas Green (Alice Snell McCrea), 1898
Obituary · Mrs. Douglas Green (Alice Snell McCrea) · New York, 1898Click to enlarge
Newspaper portrait sketch of Douglas Green, second husband of Alice Snell McCrea, circa 1890
Douglas Green · sketch · c. 1890
Photograph of Alice Snell McCrea in bustle dress and hat, circa 1880s
Alice Snell McCrea · c. 1880s
Newspaper clipping about the elopement of Alice Snell McCrea and Douglass Green, c. 1890
Elopement clipping · c. 1890

The Florence Griswold Museum · Old Lyme, Connecticut

Finding Alice's Portrait Hidden in a Museum

After some research, I was able to find hidden deep in the Florence Griswold Museum, located in Old Lyme, Connecticut, a famous portrait of my 2nd great-grandma Alice tucked away. The portrait was donated to the museum by her daughter, Henrietta Snell McCrea Metcalf, who also donated many other famous paintings and items from her husband, the famous landscape artist Willard Metcalf.

Step 1 · The Frame

The back of the ornate gold frame for Alice Snell's portrait, with Julian Russell Story's signature visible in the upper right corner
Back of the original frame — Julian's signature upper right

The gilded frame bears the artist's signature on the back canvas: Julian, in his own hand.

Step 2 · In Storage

Alice Snell's portrait locked behind a metal security cage in the Florence Griswold Museum storage room
The portrait behind the security cage — museum storage

In storage for decades, not on display. I was the first family member to see it since Henrietta donated it in 1984.

Step 3 · The Label

The Lyme Historical Society catalogue label visible through the security mesh, reading: 84.1 · Julian Story · Portrait of Alice S.
The accession label through the mesh — "84.1 · Julian Story · Portrait of Alice S."

That partial label seen through the wire was the moment I knew for certain I had found her.

Step 4 · Face to Face

The full oil portrait of Alice Snell by Julian Russell Story, photographed in the Florence Griswold Museum storage room
Alice Snell, oil on canvas, Julian Russell Story · Florence Griswold Museum, 2016

There she was. My 2nd great-grandmother — painted in the 1880s by one of the most sought-after portrait artists of the Gilded Age, donated to the museum by her daughter Henrietta in 1984, and unseen by family for over thirty years. The portrait had been waiting in that storage room the whole time.

Official Museum Correspondence

August 3, 2016

Dear Ms. Beckham,

Please find attached some photos of Julian Russell Story's Portrait of Alice Snell, which is currently in storage at our museum. I've included photos of the painting, as well as the back and some details.

Catalogue Record

Title

Portrait of Alice Snell (painting)

Artist

Story, Julian Russell, 1857–1919

Medium

Oil on canvas

Dimensions

37½ × 31½ in.

Owner

Florence Griswold Museum, Old Lyme, CT

Accession No.

1984.10.1

Provenance

Bequest of Henrietta McCrea Metcalf

Control No.

IAP 07490880

Jennifer Stettler Parsons, Ph.D., Assistant Curator

Florence Griswold Museum, 96 Lyme Street, Old Lyme, CT 06371

Continue Reading

Explore the Full Story

Chapter I

The Murder of Amos Snell

February 8, 1888. A shot rings out at the Washington Boulevard mansion. Alice's father — one of the richest men in Chicago — is found dead. The killer is never brought to justice.

Read the mystery →

Chapter II

The Snell Family

Meet Henrietta, Albert, Grace, Alice, and Mary — the heirs to a $3 million fortune and a 55-year legal battle over who would inherit it.

Meet the family →

Chapter III

Mysterious Chicago

Alice's sister Grace married seven times. Her brother Albert died penniless. The Snell children's stories are as scandalous as the murder itself.

Explore the scandals →

Genealogy

Full Biography & Sources

Complete genealogical record — vital dates, both marriages, children, death record, and 13 cited primary sources from FamilySearch, the New York Times, and Illinois court records.

View the record →

Alice's Son · Unsolved

William Snell McCrea

Alice's son left Chicago for Idaho, then returned in 1920 and walked into his father's office with a gun. He died at 35. Whether it was suicide, accident, or something else — the record doesn't say.

Investigate →

Personal

How I Am Related to Alice

Alice Snell McCrea Green is my 2nd great-grandmother. Her daughter Henrietta's line leads directly to me. This is how I discovered the portrait in the Florence Griswold Museum.

My family connection →

← The Snell FamilyThe Murder Mystery →Amos Snell Biography →